{"id":27467,"date":"2026-03-24T10:01:52","date_gmt":"2026-03-24T09:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clinicafertia.com\/?p=26103"},"modified":"2026-07-27T17:58:15","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T15:58:15","slug":"is-ivf-medication-safe-what-does-a-study-of-1-2-million-pregnancies-reveal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/clinicafertia.com\/en\/blog\/is-ivf-medication-safe-what-does-a-study-of-1-2-million-pregnancies-reveal","title":{"rendered":"Is IVF medication safe? What does a study of 1.2 million pregnancies reveal?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The available scientific evidence suggests that the medication used in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) does not increase the risk of birth defects. An analysis of 32 studies and nearly 1.2 million pregnancies found rates comparable to those observed in natural pregnancies.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-there-is-concern-about-medication-in-assisted-reproduction\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Why there is concern about medication in assisted reproduction<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In recent years, many patients starting fertility treatment have wondered whether the drugs used in IVF might affect the baby\u2019s development. This concern has grown due to the spread of contradictory information online and the isolated interpretation of low-quality studies or those with methodological limitations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, when reviewing the most robust evidence available, the message is clear: current pharmacological protocols for assisted reproduction offer safety assurances and have not been shown to increase the risk of congenital malformations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-the-study-examined-and-why-it-is-important\">What the study examined and why it is important<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A comprehensive study published in the Journal of IVF-Worldwide reviewed 32 studies and nearly 1.2 million pregnancies to assess the foetal safety of drugs used in assisted reproduction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This is one of the most comprehensive analyses carried out to date, as it incorporates clinical trials, meta-analyses and large population-based studies. This approach allows for the prioritisation of higher-quality evidence and reduces the weight given to conclusions based on isolated signals or associations that do not prove causality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-does-the-evidence-say-about-medication-in-ivf\">What does the evidence say about medication in IVF?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The review concludes that the drugs used in assisted reproduction do not increase the risk of congenital malformations. The results indicate that the observed rate is between 2% and 6%, a figure comparable to that reported in natural pregnancies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Furthermore, key drugs such as gonadotropins, progesterone and other hormonal modulators show similar safety profiles, with no evidence of teratogenic effects attributable to their use within current clinical protocols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-medicines-assessed-and-key-message\">Medicines assessed and key message<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pharmacological groups reviewed include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>gonadotropins,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>progesterone,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hormone modulators used in assisted reproduction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The main finding of the study is that there is no strong evidence that these medicines, on their own, increase the risk of birth defects in the baby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-ivf-pregnancies-are-sometimes-perceived-as-carrying-a-higher-risk\">Why IVF pregnancies are sometimes perceived as carrying a higher risk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the key points highlighted by the review is that some studies have identified a slight increase in risk for pregnancies achieved through IVF. However, this increase is not attributed to the medication, but to factors that were already present prior to treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-factors-that-may-influence\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Factors that may influence<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>advanced maternal age,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>underlying infertility,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pre-existing medical conditions,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>clinical differences between patients,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>biases inherent in observational studies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This means that it is not always correct to attribute the observed risk to the medication, as other clinical factors that influence the pregnancy often come into play.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-which-types-of-studies-cause-the-most-confusion\">Which types of studies cause the most confusion?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The authors point out that some of the concern surrounding medication use in IVF stems from observational studies or pharmacovigilance systems. Although these resources are useful for detecting potential safety signals, they do not, on their own, prove that a drug causes a birth defect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When this data is interpreted out of context, it can convey a perception of risk that is greater than that actually supported by the most robust scientific evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-does-this-mean-for-patients-and-healthcare-professionals\">What does this mean for patients and healthcare professionals?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based on the available data, the conclusion is reassuring: current assisted reproduction treatments are safe from a pharmacological perspective. To ensure patients are properly informed, it is essential to prioritise systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large-scale population studies over isolated or out-of-context findings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In practice, this enables us to approach IVF treatments with a clearer, evidence-based message that focuses on reducing the unnecessary anxiety caused by some unreliable information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Aspect analysed<\/th><th>Conclusion<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Medication safety in IVF<\/td><td>It does not increase the risk of birth defects<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scientific basis<\/td><td>32 studies and around 1.2 million pregnancies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Observed rate of malformations<\/td><td>Between 2% and 6%, similar to natural pregnancies<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Medicines included<\/td><td>Gonadotropins, progesterone and hormonal modulators<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Main confounding factors<\/td><td>Maternal age, underlying infertility and pre-existing medical conditions<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Scientific reference<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shoham Z, Weissman A, Yaron Y. <em>Safety of Pharmacological Agents Used in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Fetal Malformation Risk<\/em>. <em>Journal of IVF-Worldwide<\/em>. 2026;4(1):22\u201357.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h4>\n\n\n<details class=\"faq-item\">\n<summary>Is the medication used in IVF safe?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. The available scientific evidence suggests that the medication used in IVF does not increase the risk of birth defects. The review analysed 32 studies and nearly 1.2 million pregnancies. According to its findings, the drugs used in assisted reproduction have safety profiles comparable to those of natural pregnancies and do not show a proven increase in foetal risk.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"faq-item\">\n<summary>Can fertility drugs cause birth defects?<\/summary>\n<p>There is no evidence that the drugs used in IVF cause birth defects. Although some studies have raised concerns, the highest-quality evidence does not support such a causal link. The most robust studies indicate that medication used in assisted reproduction does not, in itself, increase the risk of birth defects in the baby.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"faq-item\">\n<summary>What medicines are used in IVF and how safe are they?<\/summary>\n<p>Among the most commonly used drugs are gonadotropins, progesterone and hormonal modulators, which, according to current evidence, have favourable safety profiles. These drugs are used to stimulate ovulation, prepare the uterus and support the early stages of pregnancy. The available review finds no evidence of teratogenic effects attributable to their use in current assisted reproduction protocols.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"faq-item\">\n<summary>Why do some studies suggest that IVF pregnancies carry a higher risk?<\/summary>\n<p>This is because the effects of treatment are sometimes confounded by other factors such as the mother\u2019s age, underlying infertility or previous medical conditions. Not all IVF pregnancies start from the same clinical profile as a spontaneous pregnancy. Therefore, when a potential increased risk is detected, it is essential to assess whether the cause may be related to the patient\u2019s characteristics rather than to the medication used.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details class=\"faq-item\">\n<summary>What is the most reliable evidence when discussing the safety of assisted reproduction?<\/summary>\n<p>Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large population-based studies usually provide the most reliable evidence. Observational studies and pharmacovigilance help to identify potential signals, but do not always allow causality to be established. To provide patients with accurate information, it is best to rely on large-scale, comparative and methodologically sound research.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The available scientific evidence suggests that the medication used in in vitro fertilisation (IVF) does not increase the risk of birth defects. An analysis of 32 studies and nearly 1.2 million pregnancies found rates comparable to those observed in natural pregnancies. Why there is concern about medication in assisted reproduction In recent years, many patients [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":29243,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cat-fertility"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v28.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>IVF Medication Safety: What a Study of 1.2 Million Pregnancies Found - Cl\u00ednica Fertia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Is IVF medication safe? 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